By Valentine Okolo
Managing risk is an essential part of any business. Business
risks may appear in any facet of the business. Risks and uncertainty are
realities every business must face. A risk presents itself where one is forced
to make a choice between alternatives whose potential outcomes are unknown or
where one is forced to deal with an unanticipated situation that could
adversely affect the organization.
For instance, these risks could be:
For instance, these risks could be:
·
Financial Risks: such as investment
choices, inadequate working capital, poor financial calculations, accounting
fraud or excessive spending to mention a few.
·
Economic Risks: such as interest rate
changes, changing government policies, exchange rate changes or demographic
movements.
·
Production Risks: such as obsolete/
defective materials and goods, continuous technological evolution, product mix
and quality, machine breakdown or cost of production.
·
Human Resource Risks: arising due to
fraudulent employees, negligent/inefficient employees, social engineering,
recruitment risks or labor drain.
·
Legal Risks: such as judgments from court
cases, legal infringements, new legislation or business laws.
·
Political and Social Risks: arising from
issues such as civil unrest, elections, and unfavorable ideologies of political
leaders or corruption.
·
Management Risks: such as poor management
decisions, insider trading, corporate governance issues, corporate policies and
strategy.
·
Market Risks: such as competing against fierce competitors, changing consumer tastes or behavior, piracy, distribution and dealership
issues or marketing strategy.
To effectively handle these
business risks, the following steps should be taken:
·
Assess
The Risk: To effectively assess the risk the following question need to
be answered. Does a risk indeed exist? If it does exist, is there any alternative
to be chosen? How much information is available about these alternatives? What
is the potential impact of the risk should it occur?
·
Assess
the Alternatives: What would it cost the organization to pursue each of
these alternatives? Note that the cost being referred to include both financial
costs, human costs, cost to the organizations image, material costs,
environmental costs, competitors reaction to your course of action etc.
Alternatives could also present the option to:
Alternatives could also present the option to:
a)
Transfer the Risk to another party more
competent to handle it. (E.g. through insurance, joint ventures and strategic
alliances, outsourcing etc.)
b)
Mitigate the Risk. I.e. to manage the
impact of the risk by minimizing the odds.
c)
Ignore the Risk. I.e. brace yourself and
accept the impact.
·
Implement
the Alternative Chosen: Once an alternative is selected, an
implementation plan is quickly arranged. The plan should clearly itemize steps
needed to implement the strategy chosen. The implementation plan should also
have a backup plan for another alternative strategy should the former fail.
There should also be a feedback process to handle issues that may arise in the
course of implementation.
Article By Valentine Okolo